The Two-Faced Delay Game
Koch, Exxon, and others
Have Played on Us for Decades

They prioritized private profits over protecting our economy, safety, human health, and a livable world.  They know that failure to address their pollution is resulting in catastrophic damages and losses for us, society, and nature, yet they work relentlessly to delay addressing it.

The Good Actor Face

Major oil and gas producers have accepted the scientific understanding of their climate pollution for decades. They say they take the threat seriously (1).  They claim to support policy solutions based on sound economic principles, such as putting a price on pollution (2)They deny downplaying the scientific understanding about the causes and rising costs and risks from global warming, and deny delaying effective legislation to address the pollution problem.

The Bad Actor Face

Also, for decades, they have funded PR to exaggerate the uncertainty of science and downplay the risks of climate pollution from fossil fuels, and manipulated politics and policies to delay effective legislation to address the pollution problem (3).

They fund Dark Money, Merchants of Doubt front groups and fake experts, and super PACs to manipulate politics and policiesTheir front groups create and promote anti-science propaganda and mislead the public and elected leaders about climate science and policies, pushing polluter industry-favorable legislation in the media and at "Conservative" polluter conferences they pay for politicians to attend.

"Clean gasoline"?  Don't Look Up!

Their "Good Actor" Face on Climate Science

The scientific consensus

The scientific consensus is unequivocal:  "Scientific evidence continues to show that human activities (primarily the human burning of fossil fuels) have warmed Earth’s surface and its ocean basins, which in turn have continued to impact Earth’s climate. This is based on over a century of scientific evidence."
- climate.nasa.gov/scientific-consensus.

Exxon

Exxon and other oil and gas majors accept the scientific consensus about climate change.

Exxon has Known About Its Climate Pollution for Decades

Exxon accurately predicted rising CO2 concentrations and the resulting global warming from its pollution decades ago. - InsideClimateNews

Exxon Accepts the Scientific Consensus About Its Climate Pollution Today

From the CEO of Exxon, Darren Woods, in 2023:  “Allow me to share this with you – here’s what ExxonMobil knows:

corporate.exxonmobil.com/news/viewpoints/reframing-the-climate-challenge

BP

A BP documentary (1991):
What Makes Weather

"The film recognizes the potentially 'devastating consequences' of climate change if fossil fuel use continues to grow." - Follow The Money

BP's CEO acknowledged climate pollution in 1997

"On May 19th, 1997, BP chief executive officer John Browne took an unprecedented step. In a speech at Stanford University, he became the first head of a major oil company to directly and publicly accept the emerging consensus on climate change.  Over the course of his address, Browne called it ‘unwise and potentially dangerous’ to ignore the possibility of catastrophic climate change. He also said that ‘[i]f we are all to take responsibility for the future of our planet, then it falls to us to begin to take precautionary action now’...

"He was later visited by various oil chief executives, who came to ask if he had ‘lost the plot’" - Follow the money.

BP Today:  Getting to Net Zero"We’ve set five aims to get bp to net zero by 2050 or sooner and five aims to help the world get there too" - BP

Shell

Shell's 1991 film about global warming from fossil fuel pollution:
A Climate of Concern

Shell Today:  Our Climate Target

"Tackling climate change is an urgent challenge.  That is why we have set a target to become a net-zero emissions energy business by 2050. We believe this target supports the more ambitious goal of the Paris Agreement, to limit the rise in the global average temperature to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels." - shell.com/sustainability/our-climate-target.html

Their "Good Actor" Face on Climate Economics

They accept sound economic principles:  it shouldn't be free to pollute

Climate change now costs the U.S. $150 billions annually in damages, losses, higher taxes and insurance rates, and inflationary pressures from associated food and water challenges, and costs are increasing.  These are "external" costs of using fossil fuels - they are not reflected in price of fossil fuels, but we pay it for using them in other ways.  These costs are an implicit subsidy to the fossil fuel industry, making fossil fuels artificially more competitive against better options and suppressing investment and innovation in better solutionsEconomists' gold-standard approach to address the failure of the market to account for these costs in the price of fossil fuels is to internalize them in a way that protects family budgets and U.S. businesses.  Ie., a steadily rising, border-adjusted, cash-back carbon fee paid by fossil fuel producers (clcouncil.org/economists-statement).

They say they support carbon pricing

78% of the 50 largest oil and gas companies with a public opinion about carbon pricing support the approach to address climate pollution from their products. - Science Direct

Exxon - “We believe a price on carbon emissions is essential to achieving net zero emissions”
- corporate.exxonmobil.com/news/news-releases/statements/our-position-on-climate-policy-and-carbon-pricing 

BP - “BP supports a price on carbon because it's fair, efficient and effective”
- bp.com/en_us/united-states/home/who-we-are/advocating-for-net-zero-in-the-us/carbon-pricing-in-the-us.html

Chevron - “Carbon pricing should be the primary  policy tool to achieve greenhouse gas emissions reduction goals. It incentivizes the most efficient and cost-effective emissions reductions while enabling  support to affected communities, consumers, and businesses.” - chevron.com/-/media/chevron/sustainability/documents/2021-chevron-supports-well-designed-climate-policy.pdf

TotalEnergies - “TotalEnergies supports the implementation of carbon pricing mechanisms. TotalEnergies signed the participant statement on carbon pricing titled "The Energy Transition & Care for our Common Home" at the Vatican on 14 June 2019. - totalenergies.com/sustainability/stakeholder-relationships-advocacy/advocacy-principles

Shell - “Demand-side emissions reduction efforts are required for climate goals to be achieved because supply-side constraints alone would be ineffective in reducing global emissions. ConocoPhillips believes a well-designed pricing regime on carbon emissions is the most effective tool to reduce GHG emissions across the global economy and, in particular, to address Scope 3 end-use emissions. A revenue-neutral carbon tax that is transparent, predictable and cost-effective to administer would be an effective policy option.... A price on carbon would also provide a stable and predictable market signal that would impact investment flows and end-user choices in a manner that minimizes adverse local economic and social impacts of an energy transition. - conocophillips.com/sustainability/managing-climate-related-risks/public-policy/carbon-pricing/

The American Petroleum Institute (API) - “Rather than a patchwork of federal and state regulations and mandates that could ineffectively address the climate challenge, an economywide government carbon price policy is the most impactful and transparent way to achieve meaningful progress.” - api.org/climate#carbon-price

"Call it a refundable greenhouse gas emissions fee."

Former Exxon leader Rex Tillerson shared his recommended approach to address climate pollution with the Economic Club of Washington when he was CEO

He recommended a steadily rising, border adjusted, cash-back carbon fee on fossil fuel production [26:18].

That's the Carbon Fee and Dividend policy.

The Public and Experts Support a federal Carbon Fee and Dividend with a CBAM

The majority of voters in towns across NH (including Rep. Notter's Merrimack) support legislation or consideration of the Carbon Fee and Dividend policy at the state and federal levels.

Leading U.S. Economists from across the political spectrum recommend the approach, saying it is good for families and businesses, and holds other countries accountableUS Economists' Statement on Carbon Dividends.

A leading Conservative Economist explains whyThe Winning Conservative Climate Solution.

U.S. and International climate experts say without a policy like Carbon Fee and Dividend we will fail to achieve important climate goals.

Many co-benefits of the Carbon Fee and Dividend policy have been identified for family budgets and US businesses in independent studies.

Business groups and organizations support the solution.

Carbon Pricing is Necessary for a Safe Future

The Cash-Back Dividend Makes It Work for People

A CBAM Makes U.S. Businesses More Competitive and Holds Free-Polluting Countries Accountable

Time to Wake Up 295

The Causes, Consequences, and Costs of Climate Pollution from Fossil Fuels.

There is no longer a pathway to climate safety without a price on carbon.

In Senator Sheldon Whitehouse's epoch 295th Senate Floor talk about the science, economics, and politics of climate change,  he reviews the rising costs, health and safety impacts, fraudulent activities of the fossil fuel industry to delay solutions, and the irreversible damages to the natural world due to those who play the polluting industry's two-faced game of delay. 

“It's Economics 101.”

In 2024, Elon Musk tweeted this  8-minute video about climate science, climate pollution from fossil fuels, and solutions.  He concludes:

“The only action needed to solve climate change is a carbon tax... and we should make it revenue-neutral," ie. a cash-back carbon fee on fossil fuel production.

Their "Bad Actor" Face

The Fossil Fuel Industry's Game to Maximize Profits

Despite acknowledging the science and policies necessary to address climate pollution from its products, major fossil fuel industry players have played a game of deception and manipulation to delay legislation of the policies experts say are required to adequately address climate pollution from fossil fuels for a relatively safe future.  This game was exposed by investigative journalists and academic researchers a decade ago.

"Toward the end of the 1980s, Exxon curtailed its carbon dioxide research. In the decades that followed, Exxon worked instead at the forefront of climate denial. It put its muscle behind efforts to manufacture doubt about the reality of global warming its own scientists had once confirmed. It lobbied to block federal and international action to control greenhouse gas emissions. It helped to erect a vast edifice of misinformation that stands to this day." - InsideClimateNews

They "Primary" (Eliminate) Republican Politicians Who Speak Up

While in Congress, Former Republican U.S. Representative Bob Inglis' gradual acceptance of the science of climate change from fossil fuel pollution attracted the attention of the fossil fuel industry's bad actor faceThe next time Inglis ran for re-election, negative political advertising funded by fossil fuel interests pushed his 80% approval rating down to 29% and he lost in the primary to a candidate who played along with the bad actors' AGW denial game.  This practice sends a chilling message to all Republicans about the political risks they face if they accept the science, economics, and experts' solutions of climate change.

And They Fund Disinformation

They fund groups that exaggerate the uncertainties of science, downplay the risks of climate pollution from fossil fuels, and mislead about solutions to erode support for effective policies to address their pollution.

 If Exxon is publicly in favor of carbon pricing, why did its top lobbyist recently get caught saying "carbon pricing isn't going to happen"?

The financial resources Exxon, the Koch Network billionaires, and others use to delay addressing the fossil fuel pollution problem seem overwhelming.

Merchants of Doubt

The fossil fuel industry funds disinformation about climate science and policies through "Merchants of Doubt" organizations (aka "Conservative Think Tanks" or, more accurately, "PR" firms) and so-called "experts" who are not active publishing climate scientists, but are ideologically, financially, or otherwise motivated to spin AGW denier tales. 

The public would not trust long-refuted science myths and anti-sound economics propaganda coming directly from the polluting industry players.  So the polluters fund front groups with good-sounding names that craft messages that sound conservative to erode public concern about climate pollution or belief in solutions to maximize fossil fuel industry profits.

Who Are the Merchants of Doubt?

Front groups and SuperPACs are the public face of the fossil fuel industry's Bad Actor game.

A trojan horse attack on Conservatives

These groups wrap themselves in a veneer of legitimate Conservative values to disguise their objectives of keeping it free to pollute and delaying the transition from fossil fuels to clean energy solutions.  Many of the groups have misappropriated the patriotic terms "Liberty" or "Freedom" in their names.   Search for questionable group names at desmog.com:  if found there, check for fossil fuel industry or Koch Network billionaire funding and a focus on keeping pollution free rather than protecting the rights and liberty of citizens to not suffer from the industry's climate pollution.

Exposed

Exxon Accurately Predicted Global Warming, Years Before Casting Doubt on Climate Science - insideclimatenews.org/news/12012023/exxon-doubt-climate-science.

"From 1997 to 2017, the Kochs funneled $127,006,756 to 92 organizations that advance the Kochs’ attacks on climate change science while presenting themselves as experts." - greenpeace.org/usa/climate/climate-deniers/front-groups/.

"Not Just the Koch Brothers:  New Drexel Study Reveals Funders Behind the Climate Change Denial Effort" - drexel.edu/news/archive/2013/december/climate-change.

"Exxon disputed climate findings for years.  Its scientists knew better" - news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2023/01/harvard-led-analysis-finds-exxonmobil-internal-research-accurately-predicted-climate-change/.

Frontline: The Power of Big Oil

The state-level problem is not limited to New Hampshire.  Big Oil used brute financial force to kill two big citizen-led state-level carbon pricing and pollution initiatives, dumping "at least $47 million into efforts to crush ballot measures in Washington and Colorado." - Vox.

"In Shift, Key Climate Denialist Group Heartland Institute Pivots to Policy" - WGBH.

Optimism and OutrageLifelines Vs Deadlines:  The Need for Science-Based Policy.   A comprehensive review of the delay tactics and players, and, at the one-hour mark, agreement that what we need is a price on climate pollution.

New Hampshire is Being Played

See the  "A Case Study", Receipts, and ALEC pages on this site for how the fossil fuel industry's profits-over-people two-faced bad actor game is played here in New Hampshire to manipulate some state legislators into opposing basic science, economics, what their constituents want, and what is best for New Hampshire.

Who Wants the Out-of-State Fossil Fuel Industry to Maximize Its Profits by Setting Us to Ignore Mainstream Science and Economics and Pay Enormous Consequences of Delaying the Transition to an Efficient Clean Energy Economy

Ask your representatives to learn about the sources of influence that lead some (e.g. receipts) down the dead-end path that benefits out-of-state polluter interests at the expense of the citizens, businesses, economy, and natural splendor of New Hampshire.   Our state should stop being manipulated by the fossil fuel polluters' two-faced game of propaganda and delay.

Legislators who attend all-expenses-paid conferences to Koch Network-funded events to be taught polluter talking points and legislative priorities are not good for New Hampshire.  Those who choose to remain willfully ignorant about the bad-actor tactics of polluting corporate interests are not the right people to represent us.

It results in embarrassing bills such as 2025 NH HCR1, of which Rep. Notter is a co-sponsor, about which the Granite Geek writes, "An NH bill pretends climate change doesn’t exist because it’s too scary to face" - concordmonitor.com/2025/01/07/another-nh-bill-pretends-that-climate-change-doesnt-exist-because-its-too-scary-to-face/#comment-210264.   It results in damaging bills like HB219, which aims to eliminate the state's Renewable Portfolio Standard, which although less ambitious than those of surrounding states, does require some level of energy diversity away from fossil fuels.  New Hampshire can do better. 

A large majority of American adults (69%) support our country’s goal to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050♥️  as our part of the international Paris Accord agreement to keep global warming at a relatively safe level.  It's time for Representative Notter and her ilk to accept mainstream science and economics so our state doesn't pay high costs from being left behind.  Their first step on the path to redemption is to listen to experts, acknowledge the global progress and trade implications of carbon pricing, and help close the growing U.S. carbon price gap by supporting  a federal, border-adjusted, cash-back carbon fee on fossil fuel production (bit.ly/carbon-price-gap-presentation).

♥️ - PEW RESEARCH CENTER (2022): “Americans Largely Favor U.S. Taking Steps To Become Carbon Neutral by 2050,”